Monday, March 26, 2018

The House that Built Me


This blog post is something of a different entry from me, but I wanted to capture a moment in time.   

Miranda Lambert wrote a song about “The house that built me”  that I always liked.  It told the story of going back to your childhood home and remembering its significance.    My story to tell is different, but the same in a way that I hope makes sense by the end.

I actually grew up in southern Virginia and my parents’ house is where I call home.  However my mom was from Northern Virginia in a small town called Bealeton that was about 3 hours north.   She had a sister and a brother, both of whom had sons about the same time I was born.  There were three of us cousins and we became best friends.  Likewise I have two sisters and as happenstance would have it, my uncle and aunt had kids at nearly the same time as my sisters.   There were 8 of us in total and each round of kids was roughly the same age.  We would all get together at my grandparents farmhouse in Bealeton at least twice a year, but sometimes more where each generation double or triplet band of cousins stuck together on their own adventures.     

Those memories at my grandparents farm are some of the best I have.   The farm had 2 barns which we called the "Big Barn" and "Little Barn" where we strategized battle plans against each other in “war games." or spied and pestered the younger cousins.   There was a large sawdust pile beside the "Big Barn" where we dug out large forts and saw our grandma's displeasure when we tracked sawdust shavings everywhere.   There were huge hay bales covering a field behind the big barn where 2 of use would jump across them while one of us tried to pull the jumpers off.  Granddad had horses that we would ride and tractors we would drive.   In fact granddad was adamant he would teach all of us to drive and we practiced in an old Mercedes Benz, a beat up Lincoln, or a dump truck depending on our destination on the farm.  And then there was the train tracks in front of the house.  The trains provided excitement as we put pennies on the track or watched for the red caboose at the end of each train.   At the end of a long day of playing it was the comforting noise of a train's whistle that put all of us asleep.

I cannot even begin to quantify how the experiences on that farm shaped me as a person.  However I can say that when I need to find a smile or a good memory, I often go back to a time I was on that farm.   I remember shooting nerf guns at chickens with my cousins and as we tried to figure out how to get the bullet back when it got stuck in their feathers.   I remember the various trees that we had built treehouses in and I remember eating a bowl of ice cream with granddad and the cousins every night.   Even though all the cousins only got together a few times a year, that place became a home away from home.   I can still see every room in the house, every tree and fence on the farm and every stall in every barn.   I remember the horses names, the various dogs names, and the colors of the cats always roaming.

As we grew up, my granddad sold the farm.  A quarry took over the back half of the farm with the knowledge that my grandparents would have lifetime rights to the house and front side of the farm.  As a kid this decision did not mean much to me since I still got to play just like normal.  In some ways it was even more exciting since we could see the rock quarry in the distance.  In the early days the quarry was blasting and we all got as close as we could to watch the dirt fly and feel the ground shake.   

As I grew older the reality hit me that the farm would one day disappear.   My granddad passed away and then after some years my grandma followed him.  The farm still stood although it fell into a state of disrepair.   We would still meet as a family at my uncle’s house and on those occasions I would still try to stop by to see the farm and watch the ghosts of memories.  I would see flickers of kids riding bikes from the house to the barn.  I would see 3 boys shooting basketball or the front porch swing swaying high as the same boys tried to touch the ceiling light with their feet.  I saw a three legged dog keeping pace with those boys and of course I heard my grandma screaming our name across the entirety of the farm to call us in for lunch.  I saw my granddad pass gas on while sitting on a bucket full of holes and then look up with a smile and say, “Wow, did I do that to this bucket!?”  I hear the train whistle and if I look close enough I still see a red caboose getting ever farther away.  I remember the taste of the mulberry's that grew on a tree right beside the house and can hear the creaking of the windmill that towered above the house.  I smell the smoke of the burning barrel as granddad burned trash and can hear tractor firing up as we went to help bail hay.

Yet even though both my grandparents were gone, the house and barn were still there and I took comfort in the memories still held vividly in that place.     Then just the other week we all got news that all the structures on the farm are due to be torn down very soon.  The quarry offered the family one last time to come see the farmhouse that some had called home, some had called a refuge, and some had simply called grandma and granddad’s house.  I was traveling for work and could not even make the last trip to see the farm.  However I studied each picture that my cousins and family sent over chat and remembered.  I wanted to capture this moment in time so that even when the house and farm are gone and memories that were bound to that place for so many years are free to float away, that this may be a net to catch them. 

Here is a trip through memory lane.   Most of the pictures are from my cousins so thanks to them for sharing!

The long driveway crossed railroad tracks.  New tracks now go right beside the should down to the quarry which is way back where the tower is located in the picture.


The house is starting show its age.   There used to a big front porch spanning the entirety of the front of the house.   On the right side there was a porch swing where all three of us would cram in and swing it as high as we could until the parents came out fussing.    The top left window was looking out from the "back room" which was a bedroom we stayed and talked many a night.  


In an old photo I found you can the swing in use.


That swing stands out because everyone used it.  Here were some old photos of granddad with me and one of my cousins, Matt as well as many more the new photo.



Even my dad liked that swing.





Off to left of of the house in a flied was the "little barn."   The little barn was knocked down years ago and the only picture I could find of it was this one.  We were always riding horses and me and Cash spent many hours together riding. 


To the right of the little barn was the Big barn.    The horses had a cozy home in this barn, but the top lofts were hideaways for us.    These pictures are as it stands now before it is torn down.



The sawdust pile was located here in the back of the barn.


Our hideaway was the loft of the big barn.  Here is where we had practice dummies to fight and a piece of a sword we had made still standing from all those years ago.




This is a painting of what the farm looked like in its heyday.





Time flies and we all grow up, but that farm always connects us.   Three amigos:  Matt, Chris, Josh.






Even my parents were married in the front yard of that house.  My sister took a beautiful tribute to that marriage just days ago.




The three siblings at the house one last time.


And of course the two people that were the glue that kept us together:  Richard and Virginia.



"The House that build me"

I know they say you can't go home again. I just had to come back one last time. Ma'am I know you don't know me from Adam. But these hand prints on the front steps are mine. Up those stairs, in that little back bedroom Is where I did my homework and I learned to play guitar. And I bet you didn't know, under that live oak My favorite dog is buried in the yard.  I thought if I could touch this place or feel it This brokenness inside me might start healing. Out here it's like I'm someone else, I thought that maybe I could find myself If I could just come in I swear I'll leave. Won't take nothing but a memory From the house that built me.  Mama cut out pictures of houses for years. From 'Better Homes and Garden' magazines. Plans were drawn, and concrete poured, And nail by nail and board by board Daddy gave life to mama's dream.  I thought if I could touch this place or feel it This brokenness inside me might start healing. Out here it's like I'm someone else, I thought that maybe I could find myself. If I could just come in I swear I'll leave. Won't take nothing but a memory From the house that built me.  You leave home, you move on and you do the best you can. I got lost in this old world and forgot who I am.  I thought if I could touch this place or feel it This brokenness inside me might start healing. Out here it's like I'm someone else, I thought that maybe I could find myself. If I could walk around I swear I'll leave. Won't take nothing but a memory From the house that, built me. 

Monday, March 5, 2018

Science for Kids: The case of the expanding soap

My son's middle school teacher gets all the credit for bringing this fun science project to my attention.  I highly recommend trying it out.

If you don't want to be spoiled on what happens then just try the experiment first. 

1.  Take a bar of Ivory soap (make sure it is Ivory)
2.  Unwrap the soap and place it on a paper plate
3.  Put the soap and plate in the microwave for a minute and a half (1m:30s)
4.  Observe (but also be careful when taking the plate out as it can be hot)

So....  what did you think? What happened?


Here is the spoiler! The video is not too great due to microwave screen, but the pictures show what happens too.




That's pretty amazing huh!  Be careful the soap does get hot.  Once it cools it will still work like soap so it is an easy way to make soap flakes.

There are some cool conversations that can come out of this experiment. 

The first is about the microwave.  A microwave heats sugar, water, and fats.    So one of those must be pretty abundant in Ivory soap.  The microwave itself has a pretty interesting story which I added below.

The other discussion is about Ivory soap and why it behaves this way in the microwave.   A known fact about Ivory soap is that it floats in water.   Ivory soap is "whipped" to introduce tiny air bubbles.   Those air bubbles contain water and so that is the reason the soap expands so readily in the microwave. 

Below are some fun facts about the microwave and Ivory soap taken from Wikipedia

Ivory Soap

Early days[edit]

In 1840 the J.B. Williams Company in Glastonbury, Connecticut, manufactured soap under the name Ivorine. Williams decided to focus on its shaving soap and sold Ivorine to Procter & Gamble, who later renamed it Ivory.[1]
1874 Procter & Gamble trademarks “Ivory,” the name of its new soap product. The name was created by Harley Procter, the founder’s son, who was inspired by Psalms 45:8 in the Bible: "All thy garments smell of myrrh, and aloes, and cassia, out of the ivory palaces whereby they have made thee glad."[2]
As Ivory is one of P&G's older products (first sold in 1879), P&G is sometimes called "Ivory Towers" and its factory and research center in St. Bernard, Ohio, is named "Ivorydale".[3]
Ivory's first slogan, "It Floats!", was introduced in 1891. The product's other well-known slogan, "​99 44⁄100% Pure" (in use by 1895), was based on the results of an analysis by an independent laboratory that Harley Procter, hired to demonstrate that Ivory was purer than the castile soap then available.[4]
Ivory Soap, 1800s
Ivory bar soap is whipped with air in its production and floats in water. According to an apocryphal story, later discounted by the company, a worker accidentally left the mixing machine on too long and the company chose to sell the "ruined" batch, because the added air did not change the basic ingredients of the soap. When appreciative letters about the new, floating soap inundated the company, P&G ordered the extended mix time as a standard procedure. However, company records indicate that the design of Ivory did not come about by accident. In 2004, over 100 years later, the P&G company archivist Ed Rider found documentation that revealed that chemist James N. Gamble, son of the other founder, had discovered how to make the soap float and noted the result in his writings.[5]

1900's[edit]

In October 1992, Procter & Gamble market-tested a new Ivory formula, a "skin care bar" that would address customer complaints about dryness but would not float like the original.[6] In October 2001, P&G tested the sinking bar soap as part of an advertising campaign in the United States, in a six-month plan to release 1,051 soap bars that sink, among other bars that float, to see if people would notice the sinking bars, even if given a cash reward of up to $250,000.[7] The D. L. Blair company, part of Draft Worldwide, a unit of the Interpublic Group of Companies, was assigned to administer the contest.[7]


Percy Spencer - Inventor of the microwave:

One day while building magnetrons, Spencer was standing in front of an active radar set when he noticed the candy bar he had in his pocket had melted. Spencer was not the first to notice this phenomenon, but he was the first to investigate it. He decided to experiment using food, including popcorn kernels, which became the world’s first microwaved popcorn. In another experiment, an egg was placed in a tea kettle, and the magnetron was placed directly above it. The result was the egg exploding in the face of one of his co-workers, who was looking in the kettle to observe. Spencer then created the first true microwave oven by attaching a high density electromagnetic field generator to an enclosed metal box. The magnetron emitted microwaves into the metal box blocking any escape, allowing for controlled and safe experimentation. He then placed various food items in the box, while observing effects and monitoring temperatures.
Raytheon filed a patent on October 8, 1945 for a microwave cooking oven, eventually named the Radarange. In 1947, the first commercially produced microwave oven was about 6 feet tall, weighed about 750 lbs, and cost about 5,000 US$. In 1967 the first relatively affordable ($495) and reasonably sized (counter-top) microwave oven was available for sale.[2]


Monday, February 19, 2018

Once in a Blue Moon....there is a Supermoon and Eclipse

The modern definition of a blue moon (though not the first definition) is 2 full moons in one month.   One happened January 31st, 2018, another will happen in March 2018 and then it will be 2020 and 2023 for the next ones.

A supermoon is when the Moon is the closest to the Earth based on its orbit.  A full supermoon happens 3-4 times a year.  A supermoon happened to fall on January 31st, 2018.

And to top it off there was a lunar eclipse on January 31st, 2018 too.   The moon set on the East coast before the eclipse really got going, but it was an impressive night for the moon.

I found a Forbes article that showed the odds of a supermoon, bluemoon, and eclipse all on the same night.

With all that, we can combine this information to arrive at how frequently we expect all of these to occur together:
  • Blue Moons make up about 3% of all full Moons,
  • Supermoons are approximately 25% of all full Moons, and
  • Total lunar eclipses occur during 5.6% of full Moons,


meaning that a Blue, Super, totally eclipsed Moon occurs with 0.042% of full Moons: once every 2,380 full Moons or so. On average, that corresponds to once every 265 years!
So since it is a fairly rare event I did not want to miss the photo op.  In reality a full moon is my least favorite to photograph because you don't get the sun contrast an a part of the moon that will show the craters really well.   However I used the opportunity to play around with photo stacks and HDR processing.  
HDR Moon
HDR stands for high dynamic range.   Creating an HDR photo starts with taking multiple exposures of a target in which you have at least a normal photo, an overexposed photo, and an underexposed photo.  Then you combine those photos together to an HDR photo where shadows are much more impressive.  HDR has become very popular and many phone now will do all these steps for you and give you an HDR photo automatically.  Of course I still think taking each photo and stacking them creates the best HDR images.
Here is a stack of 3 moon photos that were normal, under and over exposed.

Stacks
Since I had a large number of photos you can also stack them all and get more detail.  There is a lot of software out there that can help you with this, but I used Affinity as a one stop shop to combine the images. 
Using 1 RAW photo
DSLR cameras take RAW photos and it is pretty amazing the amount of detail you can pull out of one photo.  RAW is just a format in which the picture was minimally processes by the camera.  You have the most basic "raw" image.  This give you a lot of flexibility in doing your own processing.  With just 1 raw photo i could pull a lot of detail out of a moon shot.  
If you take photos and want to play around with stacks and HDR I would highly recommend software called Affinity.  I love photoshop, but it has become fairly expensive in my mind.  I am not a huge fan of the subscription service.   Affinity is a photoshop like software that you can buy for fairly cheap and you own it.   I am slowly switching all my normal photo processing to this software.  
The link to the website is:  https://affinity.serif.com/en-us/
You can also buy a nice book that helps you become even proficient in the software.


Monday, February 5, 2018

BEE-leive in your dreams - Making a difference through STEM outreach


Maybe you are a teacher and had a long week with the kids struggling on a subject.  Maybe you a scout leader and the kids were rowdy and unfocused this week.   Maybe you have a passion for outreach of some kind, but after one interactive night you never see those kids you talked to again.

If you are like me, then the question pops up am I really making a difference?  Is this time worth it?  I know that deep down in our hearts we all know it is worth it and it really does make a difference.  However the scientist in me asks for the evidence.   I wanted to find a personal story that speaks to the time and passion that our teachers, advocates and mentors spend investing into our younger generation.

In fact when I was at the 4H Youth Summit a few weeks ago, I walked right into one of these stories.   I met a wonderful group of students from Wake County, NC who our group with our Bayer shirts.   They immediately came up and introduced themselves and told us their story.   After hearing it, I asked them if they would write their story so I could share it.  Their story is a testament to the importance of outreach by all of us.  It is a perfect example of why the investment into our kids is worth every second.

Here is the story about how outreach inspired Humairaa, Ameen, Duha, and Anam to not only dig deeper and learn more about a subject, but start their own outreach activities. 




SO SMALL, YET SO MIGHTY

First and foremost, we would like to thank Bayer for giving us an opportunity to write about our journey on our enthusiasm in bees. Second, we would like to thank our mentors, Elizabeth Driscoll and Sarah Dinger, for sparking our interest in pollinators. We are a part of 4-H Wildweeds, located in Wake County, and Project Plants, a middle school horticultural science club exploring everything from soil and water to plants and pollinators. Project Plants is a partnership between the J.C. Raulston Arboretum, NC State University, and North Carolina 4-H. Humairaa and Ameen Zafirudin graduated during the first year of Project Plants 2014 -2015 while Duha Iqbal and Anam Akhtar graduated in 2015- 2016.   

During our time at Project Plants, we visited Bayer Bee Care Center located in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. We explored the facility and were fascinated by the numerous jobs performed by pollinators, specifically bees. We learned about the importance of bees and how they aid in the production of many agricultural products. We became fascinated by bees after our visit. Generously, Bayer Bee Care granted us with funding to start our own youth-managed beehive in the JC Raulston Arboretum. Over the summer of 2016, Elizabeth Driscoll and Sarah Dinger invited us back to start the construction of our beehive. We all worked together to design and compile the pieces of the beehive. After hours of hard work, we completed the structure of the bee frames for the beehive. Later that year, our beehive thrived with many healthy and lively bees! We would observe the way they went from one flower to another collecting pollen. We learned many thought-provoking facts about bees, and wanted to share them with the rest of our community.            

We were all thrilled when we heard about the 4-H National Youth Summit so we decided to submit a proposal to the National Youth Summit on the topic, “Bee Good Stewards.” Pollinators play a significant role in each of our lives and the topic is engaging to all ages. We were eager to present our topic to our peers. We sought a hands on presentation, so we decided to put together activities that would spark interest for people of all ages.

Our very first activity in Project Plants was pinning bees. Bee pinning is essentially taking frozen bees and pinning their body parts on a piece of wood or styrofoam. There are many benefits associated with bee pinning. It is an excellent way to preserve bees, so we can further utilize them for research.  Additionally, we can examine the different, detailed parts of the bee, classify their species, distinguish between their genders, and learn about their behaviors. 
Bees secrete beeswax from special glands on their abdomen. Beeswax is incorporated in many items such as candles, lotions, sunscreens, chapstick, and many more. We decided a fun way to engage youth and adults would be by making chapstick. We bought beeswax pellets, essential oils, shea butter, and coconut oil to produce our chapstick. We melted all the materials in a pot and put it in a chapstick molds. Everyone enjoyed taking part in the production of organic and natural chapstick. They even got to take theirs home!

Undoubtedly, bees help us in many ways.  Bees greatly impact our lives by pollinating most of our fruits and vegetables. Therefore, we collectively came up with the idea to make smoothies. While using the fruits pollinated by bees for our third station. We used fresh strawberries, raspberries, blackberries and blueberries. We also used bananas but when we furthered our research we figured out bananas are pollinated by other organisms.  Despite that, we mixed all our fruits with honey to make smoothies and we each got to try some.

Our final station was called “Habitat Haven” where youth created landscape designs of pollinator gardens. This station required participants to use their creativity and imagination. Participants all came up with fascinating ideas and enjoyed designing various arrangements.

Our trip to the 4-H National Youth Summit was one of the best experiences we have ever had. We enjoyed sharing our knowledge about pollinators with others and providing fun-filled and educational activities to go along with that. When we first learned about pollinators, we were amazed to learn of the multitude of tasks performed by them. That is why we decided to dig deeper into this topic; we wanted to show everyone our appreciation for bees and all their vigorous work. Before Project Plants or our visit to Bayer Bee Care, none of us really thought about how greatly pollinators impact our daily lives. Pollinators are crucial to the existence of plants, animals, and us! So next time you go outside and come across a honeybee, do not run away out of fear; instead, take the time to admire how such a magnificent, yet tiny organism is critical to your life.


WOW.   These 4 walked into the Bayer bee care center and then found some amazing mentors at a local university where they learned and connected with a topic.  If not for those meetings, they may not be doing what they are now.   There are defining paths we take in our life at certain moments.  Most of the decisions we take for one path fork or another is influenced by those around us and this is why it is so important to give our time for outreach.  I now know that Humairaa, Ameen, Duha, and Anam are going to mentor others and inspire even more leaders as they place themselves in other's life paths. Stories like this inspire me and give me so much hope. For all the teachers, agvocates, and mentors out there, keep making a difference!

Here were some other pictures of their outreach.   What an amazing group!

Check out the Grow For It website too!  http://www.growforit.org/









Monday, January 22, 2018

Investing in our agricultural future - 4H Youth Summit


There was a flyer laying on the table at work advertising the fact that Bayer and the 4H were teaming up.  My first experience with that team-up was an awesome..  On a weekend in January I got to go with some of my colleagues to participate in the 4H National Youth Summit Series on Agri-Science in Chevy Chase, Maryland.   This is just a few miles outside of DC although I quickly found out a mile in DC takes a lot longer to travel than in my town.   I thought I would share my experiences including some great time in the city itself.

The teamup with Bayer meant I got to know a little more about the 4H.


The first question I had is what do the H's in 4H stand for:  They stand for head, heart, hands, and health.   I even learned the 4H motto which is "TO MAKE THE BEST BETTER."   Here is a little more about 4H taken from their website, https://4-h.org/

It's headquarters is located in Chevy Chase, Maryland and that was our first stop to get checked in for the weekend.


DAY 1

It was time to drop in to center.


The site was bought by the 4H in 1959 where it had been a women's college.  It now houses meeting rooms, dorm style hotel rooms, and a cafeteria for many 4H events like ours and can house over 800 people.

We had the rest of the day to explore before the keynote speaker that night.   We had done a little pre-planning and scored a tour of the White House.   If you haven't toured the White House, I highly encourage you to do so.  It takes a little up front work, but it is worth it!

Here are just a few of the sites you would see in the white house


Then it was off to the Holocaust Museum and Arlington Cemetery, with a pass by the Washington Monument.  These are some tough places to visit, but a powerful story awaits.


Back to the 4H center the first speaker was Stephen Censky, the US Deputy Secretary of Agriculture.  He gave a positive message to all the kids about agriculture and their future in the Ag industry.  Couple of the things he mentioned were:

“if you want a challenging career, pick bc in next 32 years we have to produce as much food as last 10,000 years.”

“Do right and feed everyone.”



DAY 2

The day started off with a career fair.  There were people from multiple jobs in agriculture including, Bayer, the US Park Service, and many others.






The was followed by a speaker from the University of the District of Columbia.  I learned that this university located in DC is actually a land-grant university that caters to urban farming.  If your ever in the area check this place out which houses a large farm on the rooftop.

After these events we all took a field trip down to DC.  During the day we went the Smithsonian, the Botanical Gardens, and a walk past the capitol building.  Some beautiful sights as well as so much knowledge to take in at these amazing museums.


During the night we took a tour of five DC monuments at night.   The stops included the World War II Memorial, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, The Lincoln Memorial, the Korean War Memorial, and the MLK Memorial.  They are beautiful in the day, but the night let's you see them in another perspective. 


Speaking the MLK monument, this is one of my favorite quotes:



DAY 3

The last full day of the youth summit involved multiple workshops all through day.  I attended a couple and then helped run some others.

The first one I attended was "Precision Farming - Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow, and You."   This was presented by Luke Zerby from New Holland.   I can tell you that when it comes to technology agriculture is leading the charge.   Your phone has a GPS accuracy of 16.4 Feet.  That tractor going through the field with a GPS system has an accuracy of 6-9 inches.   This is how ag is evolving and I can't wait to see how it plays out.


Speaking of Luke, here was an article I stumbled across after the workshop.  http://precision.agwired.com/2016/04/22/new-holland-prepares-for-the-future-of-precision/

The second workshop that I went to was "The Growing World of Ag Technology" presented by  the Nebraska Extension in Washington County.  The extension educator is Tracy Behnken and she presented this workshop as a train the trainer.   They have some awesome ideas to help show anyone from primary school on up to high school the importance of agriculture and the facts that support the need for continued innovation in the field.   The posters they used can be replicated and for more information the Extension Center has info.

Here is what the program looks like and the extension center would be happy to help get you started.





The second activity from this workshop was how to make butter.  This was a great way to help introduce to groups where our food comes from and is a fun, easy, and hands-on exercise.



I enjoyed myself!




Next the University of Maryland showed off a complete curriculum to help teach STEM to middle schoolers.  Check this free resource out and use it!

https://extension.umd.edu/agsploration



Alright, now it was time to roll up our sleeves and help run some workshops.

The first workshop is one I have talked about before.  The exercise lets students come pick a GMO or gene edited product concept and market it from start to finish.   Product concept 1 was a product that gave pest control and product  concept 2 gave a yield increase.   They make many decisions along the way like whether to research internally or use a 3rd party and how many field trials they would run.  Finally they would come up with their own product name and see how much profit they make based on the decisions they made.

We ran two sessions with 4 groups at each session and here are the 2 sets of product names.


 
The next 2 sessions we ran were some general hands-on and information on GMOs, traditional breeding and gene editing.  First DNA extraction from strawberries ensued with Kurt showing where the DNA in a plant cell is located and how we were going to break it out..



Next we watched a video on trait research which i have shared before.   But if you haven't seen it, it is a great one to watch. 



And then Kurt had some fun showing the kids how GMOs, traditional breeding, and gene editing differ and why we need all these tools.   Kurt even showed off his passion for GMOs !


For added effect Kurt had gotten some GMO Arctic Apples that are a product that does not brown like a traditional apple.   The pictures speak for themselves.  Both of these apples were cut in half at the same time.

Check their website out:  https://www.arcticapples.com/





I work with an amazing team and these events make a huge difference in kids lives.   Great job 4H and Bayer for putting together an amazing weekend.